EXPLANATION
TEXT
An explanation is a piece of writing that gives
straightforward information. It explains the processes relate to the formation
of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomenon. Ex. How volcano
eruption occurs, or how to prevent bone fracture at a old age.
Text
organization
General statement : this part presents the subject
that is going to be explained.
Explanation : the supporting paragraphs are known as
explanation. The explanation statements are in chronological order to
illustrate how the subject came in to existence how it works.
Communicative
purpose
To enable the reader to understand the process
involved in the formation or the working of a phenomenon.
Language
feature
Simple present tense
Passive voice
Action verbs
Punctuation
Conjunction of time and cause effect
Adverbs phrases
Noun phrases
Technical terms
General and abstract nouns
Types of explanation
Reports of natural phenomenon
Articles on scientific inventions
Documentary films
Example
Oil deposits lie hidden deep beneath the surface of
the earth. They have to be searched for. The oil production process involves
several steps.
First,
exploration teams are sent by the oil companies to several regions to search
for oil deposits. If the exploration shows good results, the company decides to
drill a well. Thus, the production phase begins.
At the
beginning of the production phase, gas pressure causes the crude oil gush out
with great force. After some time, the gas pressure is less than a pumping
station must be built to bring up the oil.
Then,
crude oil has to be transported to a refinery where the crude oil is processed
and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, kerosene,
diesel fuel, lubricants and asphalt. Further processing gives aviation fuel,
greases, fertilizers, insecticides, man-made fibers, and many other things.
The
rising demand for oil products keeps the oil companies busy exploring new oil
fields and drilling new wells.
Text source: Siap UN Bahasa Inggris SMA
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